In criminological theory, which framework emphasizes the impact of social factors on individual behavior?

The framework that emphasizes the impact of social factors on individual behavior is social interactionism. This perspective focuses on how individuals and groups interact within society and how these interactions shape individual behavior and societal norms. It posits that people create meanings and behaviors through social processes and that these meanings evolve over time through ongoing interactions.

By exploring concepts such as symbols, language, and interaction, social interactionism seeks to understand criminal behavior in the context of social environments and relationships. It underscores the significance of socialization and community influences, suggesting that a person’s identity and behaviors are largely constructed through the society they live in and the interactions they have with others.

While other frameworks such as positivism, conflict theory, and critical theory touch on social factors or contexts, they focus on different aspects. Positivism primarily focuses on empirical observation and scientific approaches, often emphasizing biological or psychological determinism. Conflict theory critiques power dynamics and inequality in society, addressing broader structural conflicts rather than individual interactions. Critical theory challenges existing social structures and ideologies, but it is more about critiquing power and oppression rather than the nuanced understanding of behavior through social interactions.

Thus, social interactionism distinctly highlights the role of social influences on individual behavior, making it the most fitting choice in this context